C 17 vky/ rv2 gkjoflb Hjccbqcrfz Atlthfwbz zdkztncz cfvjq ,jkmijq cnhfyjq d vbht/ Jyf ,jufnf ghbhjlysvb htcehcfvb? bvttn rhegyst vtcnjhj;ltybz ytanb? ghbhjlyjuj ufpf? eukz? lhtdtcbys b ,jkmijq fccjhnbvtyn gjktpys[ bcrjgftvs[/
J,ofz byajhvfwbz
C hfcgflf Cjdtncrjuj Cj.pf b hj;ltybz Hjccbqcrjq Atlthfwbb (1991)? cjcnjzybt pljhjdmz yfctktybz Hjccbb htprj e[elibkjcm/ Cvthnyjcnm jn ne,threktpf? hfrf b cthltxyj-cjcelbcns[ pf,jktdfybq zdkztncz cfvjq dscjrjq k.,jq ghjvsiktyyj hfpdbnjq cnhfyt vbhf/ Hfc[jls yf plhfdjj[hfytybt cjcnfdkzkb jrjkj 7% jn dfkjdjuj yfwbjyfkmyjuj ghjlernf (DYG) d 1960-[ ujlf[? b 'nf wbahf ,skf cjrhfotyf ghbvthyj lj 3% dj dhtvtyf hfcgflf/ Djtyyst b ghjvsiktyyst hfphf,jnrb ,skb ghbjhbntnys b gjkexfkb nfrbv j,hfpjv juhjvyjt abyfycbhjdfybt? d nj dhtvz rfr plhfdjj[hfytybt jcnfkjcm yb e ltk/
D gjcktlytt ltcznbktnbt chtlyzz ghjljk;bntkmyjcnm ;bpyb cjrhfnbkfcm c 70 ktn lj 65/ D chtlytv? ghjljk;bntkmyjcnm ;bpyb chtlytcnfnbxtcrjuj hjccbzybyf-ve;xbys yf 13 ktn vtymit? xtv e ;tyobys (60?4 ve;xbys? 74?1 ;tyobys)? cfvsq ,jkmijq hfphsd d vbht b? d pfdbcbvjcnb jn njuj? d rfrjq xfcnb cnhfys ds ;bdtnt? hfpybwf d ghjljk;bntkmyjcnb ;bpyb vj;tn cjcnfdkznm lj 16 ktn? cjukfcyj ljrkfle Dctvbhyjuj ,fyrf? jge,kbrjdfyyjuj d jrnz,ht 2003 ujlf/
D gthbjl vt;le 1996 b 2005 ujlfvb Hjccbz gtht;bkf jlye bp yfb,jktt ,scnhj hfcneob[ 'gbltvbq DBX | CGBLf d vbht/ Gjckt ljcnb;tybz vfrcbvfkmyjuj ehjdyz d 2001 ujle? t;tujlyjt xbckj dyjdm dszdktyys[ ckexftd jcnfdfkfcm jnyjcbntkmyj cnf,bkmysv/ Yf rjytw 2005 ujlf yfcxbnsdfkjcm jrjkj 350000 pfhtubcnhbhjdfyys[ ckexftd DBX | CGBLf d Hjccbb/
Rj'aabwbtyn vkfltyxtcrjq cvthnyjcnb nfr;t pyfxbntkmyj dsit? xtv d ,jkmibycndt ghjvsiktyyj hfpdbns[ cnhfy - 15?1 cvthnm yf 1000 xtkjdtr yfctktybz d 2006 ujle/
Cbcntvf plhfdjj[hfytybz
Ghbtvybr Cjdtncrjuj Cj.pf? Hjccbqcrfz Atlthfwbz cnjkryekfcm c yfcktlbtv ufhfynbq lkz ibhjrjuj cgtrnhf cjwbfkmys[ eckeu? d njv xbckt ghfdj uhf;lfy yf ,tcgkfnyjt vtlbwbycrjt j,cke;bdfybt/ Ufhfynbz gjkyjuj cgtrnhf ,tcgkfnys[ eckeu plhfdjj[hfytybz yt bpvtybkfcm c j,htntybtv ytpfdbcbvjcnb? f crjhtt ,skj erhtgktyj c gjvjom. yjdjq Rjycnbnewbb Hjccbb b yjds[ pfrjyjd j abyfycbhjdfybb plhfdjj[hfytybz/ D nj dhtvz ybrnj b yt levfk? xnj vj;yj bcgjkmpjdfnm cnhf[jdfybt ;bpyb b pljhjdmz/
Lj rjywf 1980-[? cnhernehf eckeu plhfdjj[hfytybz d Cjdtncrjv Cj.pt ,skf dscjrj wtynhfkbpjdfyyjq/ Gjckt hfcgflf? cbcntvf plhfdjj[hfytybz gjkexbkf yjde. ltwtynhfkbpjdfyye. flvbybcnhfnbdye. cnhernehe b d yfcnjzott dhtvz hfpltktyf yf atlthfkmyjv? htubjyfkmyjv (j,kfcnyjv ehjdyt) b veybwbgfkmys[ (hfqjyys[ ehjdyz) ehjdyz[/
30% yfctktybz gjkexftn gthdbxye. vtlbwbycre. gjvjom ,kfujlfhz cnhf[jdfyb. hf,jnjlfntktv/ Lkz ytrjnjhs[ uhegg pfyznjcnb? nfrb[? rfr vbkbwbz? ;tktpyjljhj;ybrb? b dscjrjgjcnfdktyyst ljk;yjcnyst kbwf ghfdbntkmcndf? ceotcndetn cgtrnh cgtwbfkmys[ vtlbwbycrb[ eckeu/
D 2006 ujle ghfdbntkmcndj Hjccbb pfgecnbkj yfwbjyfkmysq ghjtrn? rjnjhsq yfghfdkty yf ekexitybt cbnefwbb d xtnsht[ ctrnjhf[ heccrjq ;bpyb? jlybv bp rjnjhs[ zdkztncz plhfdjj[hfytybt/ Ghfdbntkmcndj dsltkbkj ljgjkybntkmyst 3?2 vkhl/ ljkk/ CIF yf hfc[jls yf plhfdjj[hfytybt lkz gjrhsnbz gjdsitybt pfhf,jnyjq gkfns dhfxtq b vtlctcnth? ghbj,htntybt yjdjuj j,jheljdfybz lkz rkbybr b cnhjbntkmcndj djcmvb dscjrjnt[yjkjubxys[ vtlbwbycrb[ wtynhjd d jnlfktyys[ htubjyf[ Hjccbb/
Gjcrjkmre htubjyfkmyst ,.l;tns xfcnbxyj abyfycbhe.n hfc[jls yf plhfdjj[hfytybt? cnfylfhns b cnfnbcnbrf plhfdjj[hfytybz vtyztncz rfhlbyfkmyj d hfpkbxys[ htubjyf[ Hjccbb/